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What Tartan Can I Wear? Tartan isn’t just a fabric; it’s a symbol of heritage, identity, and style. With its vibrant patterns and rich history, tartan has a unique charm that resonates with people worldwide. But with so many options, choosing the right tartan can feel overwhelming. Let’s dive into everything you need to know to pick the perfect one for you.
I. The History and Origins of Tartans
Tartan patterns have fascinated visitors to Scotland for centuries. Originally described as "mottled" or "marred," its Gaelic name breacan means "chequered," reflecting its distinct pattern. This term perfectly captures the essence of tartan, with its distinct checkered pattern —known as the "sett" —repeated throughout the fabric to create the desired length. Historically, tartan was primarily associated with Highlanders, a group often viewed with disdain by Lowlanders, who comprised most of Scotland's population.
The Lowlanders regarded Highlanders as uncivilized and primitive, labeling them "redshanks" due to their bare legs and rugged appearance. Its strong connection to Highland clans led to its ban under the Dress Act of 1746, aimed at suppressing rebellion. Yet, it became a symbol of resistance, reshaping the Highlander’s image from savage to noble. Today, tartan remains a key part of Scottish culture, featured in iconic garments like kilts and trews.
To discover your tartan, the simplest method is to start by searching for your surname. However, you might not find an exact match right away, as the spelling of many names has changed over time. With roots in Gaelic, Scottish surnames have evolved significantly over the centuries. For example, if your surname is "McDonald," try searching under "MacDonald," as "Mc" is simply an abbreviation of "Mac" (like in Shakespeare’s "Macduff" )
II. How to look at and identify Scottish clans?
One approach to determine if a tartan is associated with you is to explore whether your family was historically part of a Scottish clan. Clans in Scotland functioned like extended families, with most members being blood relatives or sharing a common ancestry. However, tracing your connection to a clan isn’t always straightforward. During the turbulent era of clan warfare, people often sought refuge with the strongest local clan for protection, regardless of their surname or familial ties to the clan chief. Over time, loyalties shifted, and many surnames became linked to multiple clans. Since much of this history was passed down orally, consulting grandparents or great-grandparents may offer valuable clues to uncover your Scottish heritage.
Clan colors also played a vital role in the identification, particularly in battle. A clansman proudly wore his clan’s tartan, often accompanied by a wool bonnet, symbolizing his allegiance and unity with the clan. These colors and patterns represented more than just decoration—they were a mark of honor and belonging.
When exploring which tartan best suits individual heritage or personal style, it’s helpful to understand how tartan itself is defined and woven into Scotland’s cultural story. Referencing the broader tradition behind the history and meaning of tartan provides deeper clarity on why certain patterns are associated with clans, regions, and modern adaptations.
III. What Tartan Can I Wear: Septs in Scotland
We've designed a system to help you trace your family and tartan origins. Here's what "sept" is and how to identify the Tartan you can wear.
If your surname has no clan tartan, it might be linked to a "sept." While not directly belonging to a specific clan, Septs are surnames that are historically connected to one—essentially functioning as a branch or subdivision of a larger family. In the framework of Scottish clans, septs were smaller families or groups that pledged allegiance to another family's chief. These septs became integral parts of the larger clan, sharing its identity and traditions.
For instance, the surname Reid is associated with Clan Robertson, meaning individuals with the surname Reid would traditionally wear the Robertson tartan. Similarly, the surname Miller was historically a sept of Clan MacFarlane, while Taylor was aligned with Clan Cameron. Through these meaningful connections, septs allow many surnames to share in the rich heritage and pride of Scotland’s clans.
IV. What clan tartan can I wear if I don’t have Scottish ancestry?
As guidance on choosing an appropriate pattern often depends on understanding the purpose behind each design, it’s valuable to look at the various traditional types of tartans that distinguish clan, district, and commemorative styles. This helps frame whether a person should wear a pattern tied to ancestry or one created for universal use.
1. MacDonald Tartan
As noted in the Tartan Register, the MacDonald tartan showcases a vibrant blend of colors that pays homage to the stunning landscapes of the Scottish Highlands, particularly the Isle of Skye and surrounding regions. The rich greens and blues reflect the lush scenery and rugged coastline, while deep reds add a striking contrast reminiscent of the rich history of the MacDonald clan. This tartan serves as an excellent choice for those who want to embrace the growing trend of wearing kilts and traditional Scottish attire.
2. Campbell Tartan (Black Watch)
The Black Watch tartan also called the Campbell tartan, is a timeless design known for its dark and understated elegance. Its versatility makes it a favorite for both menswear and womenswear, as well as interior design. The tartan's subtle yet striking depth has contributed to its widespread appeal. Even former British Prime Minister Theresa May was known to wear a Black watch suit, effortlessly combining style with sophistication. It's no surprise that this tartan remains so popular.
The name "Black Watch" originates from its association with the military. This plaid was adopted by the Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders (also known as the Argyll Regiment or simply the Argylls), a renowned regiment now part of the 3rd Battalion. Their kilts featured this tartan, also known as Government 1A. The regiment's enduring legacy as the Black Watch cemented the tartan's name and reputation.
3. Lindsay Tartan
The Lindsay tartan is a commercially successful design admired for its refined elegance and versatile appeal. It has found its way into a wide range of uses, from school uniforms to stylish ladies' skirts and jackets, earning a special place in the hearts of many. The Lindsay Clan traces its roots back to Danish ancestry, with the first Lindsay recorded in Scotland in 1120. The family thrived in both Scotland and England until the Wars of Scottish Independence forced them to relinquish their holdings in England. Today, Lindsays can be found across the globe—but their tartan has traveled even further, becoming a beloved pattern worldwide!
4. Fraser Tartan
The Fraser tartan is a striking and recognizable pattern, celebrated not only for its rich colors but also for its deep historical significance. Often associated with the Fraser clan, this tartan features a harmonious blend of green, blue, and black, reflecting the natural beauty of the Scottish Highlands. Its versatility allows it to be used in a variety of contexts, from traditional kilts and jackets to modern fashion and home decor. Today, it is widely produced and embraced by people around the world, allowing individuals to connect with their Scottish heritage or simply enjoy the timeless elegance of this iconic tartan.
5. Royal Stewart Tartan
The Royal Stewart tartan is arguably the most recognizable plaid in the world. It gained prominence when Sir Walter Scott selected it for King George IV's historic visit to Edinburgh, marking the lifting of the old laws that had banned tartan. Over time, commoners adopted the Royal Stewart tartan as a symbol of loyalty to the monarchy. In response, the royal family later embraced the Balmoral tartan —believed to have been designed by Prince Albert—which, by tradition, is reserved exclusively for the royal family and the Queen’s piper.
Today, the Royal Stewart tartan is the most commercially produced tartan, celebrated for its bold and vibrant red color scheme. Its widespread popularity has transcended its royalist origins, making it a global fashion icon and the most widely worn tartan in the world.
6. Isle of Skye Tartan
The colors of this tartan are carefully crafted to reflect the captivating and dramatic natural beauty of the Isle of Skye, often called the Misty Isle.
7. MacLeod of Lewis Tartan
The MacLeod of Lewis tartan, also known as the MacLeod Dress or famously "Loud MacLeod," earns its nickname for good reason. This tartan is designed for those who love making bold statements and standing out from the crowd. The MacLeod clan has its roots on the Isle of Skye and across the Inner and Outer Hebrides, extending into Scotland’s western mainland. However, the MacLeod of Lewis tartan has far surpassed its regional origins, gaining worldwide recognition as one of the most striking and audacious fabric patterns ever created.
8. Scotland Forever Tartan
The Scotland Forever tartan is a contemporary creation designed by one of Scotland's renowned weaving mills. Named after the iconic battle cry famously shouted at Waterloo in 1815, this Scottish tartan was specifically crafted to provide a versatile plaid design. It was made to be worn by anyone, regardless of their heritage, location, or whether they have Scottish ancestry, offering a way for all to embrace and celebrate Scottish culture.
For those deciding what tartan feels most fitting or visually appealing, exploring today’s most popular Scottish tartans offers inspiration rooted in patterns widely recognised across the world. These familiar designs provide an accessible starting point when selecting a tartan without a specific family connection.
VI. Wearing Tartan with Confidence
1. Formal Attire
Pair your tartan kilt or skirt with a matching jacket and sporran for traditional elegance. Accessories like a sgian-dubh (small knife), Scottish dirk, Scottish hat, and kilt pin complete the look.
2. Casual Styling
3. Blending Tradition with Modern Trends
Designers worldwide have embraced tartans in contemporary fashion. Mix and match your tartan piece with modern cuts and fabrics for a chic, updated look.
💟 Unlock 11 must-have Tartan fashion items for your National Tartan Day!
Unlock your tartan style—see what tartan you can wear!
Tartan is more than a fabric; it celebrates identity, heritage, and style. Whether embracing your Scottish roots or simply loving the look, there’s a tartan for everyone. So, pick a pattern that speaks to you and wear it proudly!
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between tartan and plaid?
Tartan vs Plaid: What's the Difference? Tartan refers to the specific patterned fabric often associated with Scottish heritage. Plaid is a broader term for any patterned cloth with a similar crisscross design. While all tartans are plaid, not all plaids are tartans.
Are there formal rules about wearing tartan?
Traditionally, there are no strict rules, but some people wear their clan's tartan to show respect for its heritage. When attending formal events, ensure your tartan is appropriate for the occasion.
Can non-Scots wear tartans?
Absolutely. Tartans celebrate Scottish heritage, which can be enjoyed by anyone who appreciates its beauty and history.
Can I mix and match tartans?
Mixing and matching tartans can be modern and fashionable, but ensuring the patterns complement each other is essential. Stick to colors from the same family for a cohesive look while experimenting with different textures and styles.
Aimee Li
An author dedicated to exploring the rich history, vibrant culture,... of the Scottish clans. As an avid historian and fashion enthusiast, I have always been fascinated by Scotland's heritage and the timeless elegance of its traditional attire. Join me on this journey through the highlands and lowlands, as we delve into the heart of Scottish legacy together.
